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Written by the Biotia team and our collaborators, learn more about the infectious diseases we address, the science of clinical metagenomics, and more.

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Diagnosing UTIs

Why Did My Urine Culture Come Back Negative?

You had the symptoms. You took the test. The result came back negative. Here is what is actually happening — and what to do next.

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Curated reading

Series worth reading start to finish

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UTI 101

Everything you didn't learn at your annual exam — the basics every patient should know about urinary tract infections.

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Series

Diagnosing UTIs

How UTIs are confirmed today — urinalysis, culture, PCR, and next-generation sequencing — and where each test falls short.

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Series

Treating UTIs

Antibiotic and non-antibiotic options, recurrence strategies, and what to do when first-line treatment isn't working.

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Series

Antimicrobial Resistance

Why resistance is reshaping UTI care, how it spreads, and how better diagnostics restore treatment options.

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Series

Clinical Metagenomics

How next-generation sequencing is reshaping infectious disease diagnostics — from sepsis to AI-powered resistance detection.

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Illustration of Proteus mirabilis bacteria in the urinary tract, associated with catheter-associated UTIs and struvite stones

Proteus mirabilis and UTI: Risk Factors, Diagnostic Testing, and Treatment Options

Proteus mirabilis causes complicated and catheter-associated UTIs, forms struvite stones, and resists common antibiotics like nitrofurantoin.

Urogenital Pathogens
Blue-tinted microscopy image of a rounded microbial colony showing clustered dark spots against a bright blue background

Precision Medicine for Infectious Disease: The Next Frontier Beyond Oncology

Precision medicine has long been defined by oncology. NGS and AI-powered diagnostics can bring the same rigor to infectious disease.

Clinical Metagenomics
Empty laboratory glassware — a graduated cylinder, small glass pipettes, and a petri dish arranged with green and coral round-bottom flasks on a white surface

Why Did My Urine Culture Come Back Negative?

Standard culture misses up to 1 in 3 UTIs. Here's why — and what you can do about it.

Diagnosing UTIs
Microscopy image of Gram-stained urinary tract cells in shades of pink and magenta scattered across a pale field

What Is a UTI? Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

A clinician-reviewed primer on urinary tract infections — what they are, who gets them, and how doctors confirm them.

UTI 101
Close-up photo of a person's hand pressed against their lower abdomen over the pelvic area, wearing dark underwear

UTI Symptoms: What to Look For and When to See a Doctor

The classic signs of a UTI, the warning signs of a kidney infection, and the conditions that can mimic UTI symptoms.

UTI 101
Gloved hand in a light purple lab glove holding a small plastic petri dish inside a laboratory workspace

How Are UTIs Diagnosed? Urinalysis, Culture, PCR, and NGS

The current standard of care, where it falls short, and the new molecular tests changing UTI diagnosis.

Diagnosing UTIs
Overhead photo of eight white oval antibiotic tablets scattered on a light blue background

How Are UTIs Treated? Antibiotics, Antifungals, and More

A practical guide to UTI treatment, side effects, and non-antibiotic strategies that may help.

Treating UTIs
Abstract marbled pattern of coral pink, cream, and blush swirls

What Is a Recurrent UTI?

Recurrent UTI is two or more episodes in six months or three or more in a year — here's what to do about it.

Diagnosing UTIs
Two white ceramic wall-mounted urinals in a tiled restroom with a small metal faucet between them

Do Men Get UTIs?

Yes — and every UTI in a man is clinically classified as complicated. Risk factors, symptoms, and care.

UTI 101
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